IOTA is a novel cryptocurrency designed for the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, making use of an innovative non-blockchain structure called the Tangle. Introduced by Serguei Popov in 2018, IOTA distinguishes itself by utilising a directed acyclic graph (DAG) rather than a traditional linear blockchain, enabling scalable and feeless microtransactions. Its quantum-resistant protocol does away with mining, as all tokens were issued at genesis, and participants help secure the network by validating two past transactions for each new transaction they make.